IOC president Thomas Bach (right) alongside Queensland premier Anastacia Palaszczuk (centre) and AOC boss John Coates at the ‘Brisbane 2032’ announcement. Photo: AFP
The winner is Brisbane! Yes we heard the immortal words from Tokyo that Brisbane will be hosting the Summer Olympic Games in 2032 after Paris in 2024 and Los Angeles in 2028.
Brisbane will be the third Australian city to host the Olympics after ‘the friendly games’ in Melbourne in 1956 and of course Sydney in 2000 which was declared to be ‘the best Olympic Games ever’ by former International Olympic Committee (IOC) president Juan Antonio Samaranch.
Certainly, the Sunshine State has been the bearer of good news for Australians suffering COVID-19 lockdowns with the universally-popular Queenslander Ash Barty winning Wimbledon and now its premier Anastacia Palaszczuk bringing home the Games hosting rights from Tokyo.
And whilst Australians love a ‘Barty Party’ and an Olympics Party, or several as shown in 2000, get ready for some debate about the costs of putting on the Olympics compared to what the potential benefits are. This is particularly the case as the Olympics – particularly the IOC and its methods – have become unpopular (as have world sporting bodies in general like FIFA in soccer, and how they award hosting rights to the World Cup).
For example, a well-known University of Oxford study shows historically that the cost to the host city on average blows out. The study, that examined the Olympic Games from Rome 1960 to Rio in 2016, found that Games budgets are exceeded by 172 per cent. Even Sydney 2000, regarded as well managed, had a cost overrun by 90 per cent, although it did better than Rio on 352 per cent and even the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics in Russia on 289 per cent.
And that’s before COVID-19 hit which has engulfed the global economy and the world of sport, causing Tokyo to postpone the 2020 Games by a year and to have no spectators. Japanese estimates show that hosting the Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics without spectators is estimated to result in an economic loss of up to 2.4 trillion yen (A$ 29.1 billion). Of course, this is better than outright cancellation which would cost an estimated 4.5 trillion yen (A$ 54.6 billion).
So what do we know about Brisbane? Westpac and KPMG got out of the blocks early and estimated that hosting the Brisbane Olympics would bring about $17 billion in benefits to Australia and just over $8.1 billion in benefits to Queensland including a $4.6 billion economic boost to tourism and trade and $3.5 billion in social improvements such as health, volunteering and community benefits.
And what about costs? The costs of hosting the Games were estimated to be around $5 billion including the cost of the opening and closing ceremony at $85 million, the torch relay at $30m, venues at $690m, technology at $646m, people management at $796m and athletes operations at $1.052m. These costs are financed by TV broadcast rights, ticket sales, tourism and private and public sector sponsorships.
Researchers, such as those at Oxford University, are always concerned that the costs always blow out, and the politicians always over-egg or double-count the benefits, particularly in terms of tourist numbers emanating from the Games (they nearly always claim you’ll get the tourism numbers anyway, especially in a place like Queensland, or you’ll divert tourists away from other destinations who will miss out).
But whatever anyone claims, there will be debate about costs and whether we should hold the Games or not. And some critics claim the estimates of benefits are never as forecast. Although, even in the case of Sydney 2000 they forget that the terrorist attack of September 11, 2001 happened almost exactly a year later and impacted world trade and tourism.
I think the more important question is now we’ve got them, and we have a reasonable idea of costs, what’s the best way to maximise the economic and social benefits of Brisbane 2032.
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As KPMG and Westpac have shown there are clear economic benefits from hosting the Olympic Games. And work done by my colleagues at the Institute for Public Policy and Governance (IPPG) at the University of Technology Sydney (UTS) show that there are also social, health and environmental benefits from sports participation and major sporting events that overlap with the economic benefits.
For example, we have the economic benefits in terms of improvements to transport and infrastructure as well as the boost to economic activity of the major event itself. But we can ensure, like we did in Sydney, that the infrastructure helps with social benefits, especially in terms of transport and housing.
The associated activities can be structured not just to Olympic venues in Brisbane, the Gold Coast and Sunshine Coast but also to help disadvantaged communities including Indigenous communities in remote, rural and regional Queensland, and in lower socioeconomic suburbs and towns. Importantly, the Brisbane bid was badged as Paralympics as well as Olympics so some of the infrastructure used can be utilised by disabled athletes and community members for many years to come.
Of course, the hosting of the Olympics and Paralympics can be utilised to help boost sport itself in terms of community participation, bringing with it health benefits, higher education participation, less crime and help build social capital in Queensland and across the whole Australian nation.
The Olympic Games are also a chance to help Australia put the green back in the green and gold in terms of the environment. In The Airport Economist Climate Innovation special episode, I interviewed some excellent companies, including Queensland-based Tritium, who have battery powered the future of transport, even the submarine used by legendary Hollywood producer James Cameron!
And as an international trade economist, I must emphasise international trade and the opportunities for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) that hosting the Olympic Games brings to local exporters. At Sydney 2000, Austrade set up a business networking club, Business Club Australia (BCA), that was a matchmaking club for SMEs looking to meet international partners and investors who were coming to Australia for the Games.
For instance, the Sydney architecture firm which built the Water Cube at Beijing in 2008 was able to get started courtesy of BCA in Sydney watching Cathy Freeman win the gold medal next to their eventual customers plus 100,000 cheering Australians in the Olympic stadium at Homebush. It was a great example of the “power of schmooze” where networking can lead to potential business.
In fact, between Sydney 2000 and Beijing 2008, BCA had facilitated $1.7 billion in trade and investment as the China-Australia trade relationship really took off. At BCA in Beijing, the Mandarin-speaking Australian Prime Minister Kevin Rudd launched my book ‘Going the Distance’ on the economics of sport in both English and Mandarin which really impressed our hosts and the Australian exporters in attendance.
The Australian and Queensland Governments could revive the BCA concept in some form to really help our SMEs take advantage of the unique opportunity hosting the Olympic Games brings. This is really important especially when exporters are doing it tough, and a chance to reset international engagement in a post-COVID environment.
Hosting the Olympics will also do a lot to help promote ‘Brand Brisbane’ as well as ‘Brand Australia’. In fact, Brisbane has a lot to gain as it is not a dominant city that everyone knows like Sydney, LA or Rio nor a national capital Like London or Paris or Tokyo. It’s a great opportunity to promote Brisbane in the lead up to the Games and to leave a legacy when the carnival is over.
And it has already done some good with much of Australia locked down. For now, Brisbane winning the 2032 Olympics and Paralympics has given us all a post-pandemic boost that gets us looking to the future in these troubled times of COVID-19.
